Variable information about your system, such as the amount
of RAM installed, the geometry of your hard drives, and the type of floppy disk
installed, are stored in the CMOS chip. The BIOS uses the data in the CMOS chip
to address these devices.
Bootloader Phase
The bootloader is software that the BIOS can load from the
MBR of the hard [...]
Processes
Binary Executables – These are programs that were orginally created as a text file using a programming language, such as C or C++. The text file was then run through a compiler to create a binary file that can be processed by the CPU.
Internal shell commands – Some of the commands you enter at [...]
Bash Configuration
File
Type of Shell
Function
~/.bashrc
Non-login shells (Although login shells on most
distributions read this file as well. It is usually called from one of the
configuration files listed below.
Stores individual user’s shell preferences.
/etc/profile
Login shells
Contains configuration parameters that are applied
system-wide
~/.bash_profile
Login shells
Stores individual users’ shell preferences
~/.bash_login
Login shells
Stores individual users’ shell preferences
~/.profile
Login shells
Stores individual users’ shell preferences
~/bash_logout
Login shells
Specifies actions to be [...]
To check the checksum of a file type sum file.
RPM Packages:
Acroread-7.0.5-15.i586.rmp
Acroread: Name
7.0.5: Version Number
15: Release Number
I586: Architecture Type
Package Name: This
part of the file name simply identifies the name of the package.
Version Number: This
part of the file name specifies the version of the software in the package.
Release Number: This
part of the file name indicates the [...]
Finger displays:
Login – This is the username that is used to authenticate to
the system.
Name – This is the user’s full name.
Directory – This is the user’s home directory.
Shell – This is the default shell that will be provided to
that user.
Last Login – This displays the last time the user logged in
and where from.
id Username – [...]
Hardware Represented
by Files in /dev
Floppy Drive
/dev/fd0
SCSI CD-Rom
Drive
/dev/scd0
IDE CD-ROM
Drive
/dev/hdc (if the drive is the master IDE device on the
secondary IDE channel in the system)
Serial
Port
/dev/ttyS0
Parallel
Port
/dev/lp0
/etc/fstab
Lists the partitions and file systems that will be
automatically mounted when the system boots.
/etc/group
Contains local group definitions.
/etc/grub.conf
Contains configuration parameters for the GRUB bootloader
(assuming it’s being used on the system).
/etc/hosts
Contains a list of hostname-to-IP [...]
dw – Deletes the
word that comes immediately after the cursor, including the space following the
word. The text is saved in a memory buffer.
de – Deletes the
word that comes immediately after the cursor, not including the space. The text
is saved in a memory buffer.
d$ – Deletes from
the insertion point to the end of the line. The [...]
Man Pages Sections:
Section 1: User programs and shell commands
Section 2: Kernel functions
Section 3: Library functions
Section 4: Special files found in /dev
Section 5: File format descriptions and conventions
Section 6: Games
Section 7: Miscellaneous conventions
Section 8: Utilities used by root
Section 9: Kernel routines
To search across man pages for a keyword type man -k keyword.
Info
The
information displayed by the info [...]
Power Supply
Usually provides 3.3, 5, and 12 volts.
Converts AC to DC for internal pc components.
Interrupts
Every
device in the PC must be assigned an interrupt.
Two
ISA devices cannot share an interrupt.
Two
PCI devices can share interrupts.
A PCI
device cannot share an interrupt with an ISA device.
Because
INT 2 and INT 9 are actually the same wire on the PIC chips, you [...]
Notes on using the Linux Graphical Interface:
The X Windows System provides the base system for the graphical interface on Linux. It allows programmers to run applications in windows. It also allows users to move windows around on the screen as well as click on items with the mouse.
The X Window System alone isn’t enough. You [...]